What is the function of the evaporator coil in an HVAC system?

The function of the evaporator coil in an HVAC system is to absorb heat from the indoor air. During the cooling process, the refrigerant within the coil evaporates at a low pressure and temperature, allowing it to extract heat from the surrounding air. As indoor air is blown over the evaporator coil, the heat energy is absorbed by the refrigerant, causing the air to cool down before it is circulated back into the living space. This heat absorption is essential for maintaining a comfortable indoor environment, especially during warm weather.

Understanding this function helps clarify why other options do not pertain to the role of the evaporator coil. The release of heat into the atmosphere is typically the role of the condenser coil, which expels the heat absorbed by the refrigerant. Air distribution is managed by fans and ductwork within the system, while filtering contaminants is a function performed by air filters, not the evaporator coil.